Title : Quadriceps Tendon Ruptures (QTRs): Current concepts in diagnosis and management
Abstract:
Background/Aim: Quadriceps Tendon Ruptures (QTRs) are uncommon but potentially disabling injuries due to disruption of the primary knee extensor mechanism. They most frequently occur in middle-aged or older adults with comorbidities or tendon degeneration, typically following eccentric loading during sudden knee flexion. This review aimed to synthesise current evidence on diagnostic approaches and management strategies for QTR.
Methods: We reviewed the literature on epidemiology, diagnostic strategies, and treatment options for QTRs, with attention to factors influencing management decisions.
Results: Clinical history and examination remain the cornerstone of diagnosis, with MRI serving as the gold standard imaging modality for confirmation and assessment of tear extent. Management is determined by both injury- and patient-related factors. Partial tears in low-demand patients with preserved function can be managed conservatively, whereas complete ruptures and high-grade incomplete tears generally require surgical repair. Comparative studies report no significant difference in outcomes between transosseous tunnel and suture anchor fixation. Recent investigations into biologics, minimally invasive surgery, and augmentation techniques show promise but lack high-level evidence.
Conclusion: Early recognition and appropriate management of QTR are essential to restore function and prevent long-term disability. Surgical repair remains the mainstay for complete and functionally significant ruptures. Future research should focus on biologic augmentation and minimally invasive approaches to optimise recovery.
