Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a condition which results from compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway formed by bones and ligaments, and compression of the median nerve can lead to symptoms such as pain, tingling, numbness, and weakness in the hand and fingers. Repetitive hand movements, prolonged wrist flexion, and conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or diabetes can contribute to the development of CTS. Symptoms often occur in the thumb, index, middle, and half of the ring finger. Diagnosis involves a clinical evaluation, nerve conduction studies, and sometimes imaging. Treatment options range from conservative measures like wrist splinting, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy to more advanced interventions such as corticosteroid injections or, in severe cases, surgical release of the carpal ligament. Preventive measures include ergonomic adjustments, regular breaks during repetitive tasks, and maintaining proper wrist posture. Understanding CTS is crucial in occupational health and orthopaedics, guiding appropriate interventions to alleviate symptoms and improve hand function.