Rheumatic Heart Disease

Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is a serious cardiovascular condition resulting from untreated streptococcal infections, particularly in childhood. The inflammatory response triggered by these infections can lead to damage to heart valves, causing them to thicken and scar over time. RHD is a major global health concern, particularly in low-resource settings. Symptoms of RHD may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and chest pain. Early detection is crucial, as advanced cases can lead to complications such as heart failure and increased risk of stroke. Prevention involves prompt treatment of streptococcal infections with antibiotics, known as secondary prophylaxis. RHD disproportionately affects socioeconomically disadvantaged populations and remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, highlighting the importance of public health interventions, improved access to healthcare, and awareness campaigns to reduce the burden of this preventable disease.